A Wastewater from machining processes, which contains oils, chemical solvents, water, and metal particles (swarf), requires several steps to separate and treat each component effectively.

1. Pre-treatment.
The first step is to remove visible particles like metal swarf. Filter bags or cartridge filters are used to capture these large particles, protecting the next stages of filtration.

2. Oil-Water Separation
Next, the challenge is separating oil from water. Using hydrophobic ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, which allow oil to be rejected while clear water passes through, is an effective solution. This method helps recover oil while keeping water out, making it ideal for oil concentration and recovery.

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